Driving is associated with a lot of musculoskeletal pain, especially back pain. This is particularly experienced by HGV, bus and taxi drivers, but is common for any driver who spends long periods behind the wheel. The factors causing this are often vehicle ergonomics, vibration and sitting for long periods. Driving requires long periods holding a stable, static position through the arms, shoulders, back, and neck, so while driving is not usually physically hard work, these muscle groups can become very fatigued.  

When coupled with poor posture and daily repetition, drivers often develop specific injuries or strains. And, as the saying goes, 'back pain doesn't kill – it tortures'. 

Drivers may also have joint and muscle conditions or injuries which were not caused by driving, but which can nevertheless affect their performance and may be worsened by driving. 

Effect on road safety 

Pain and discomfort are both distracting and tiring. 

Those suffering chronic pain are more likely to show depressive symptoms (see effects of depression and mood on driving safety, Chapter 3). 

People suffering chronic pain are less productive, and perform less well than those who are pain-free. The mean effect was about 2.4 hours productivity loss per week across all tasks in terms of achievement – it can be far higher for those with chronic joint pain or pain in multiple sites. However, lower performance in safety-critical tasks such as driving can have far more serious outcomes than lower productivity. 

What employers can do 

• Ensure that each driver knows how to adjust seats, mirrors and controls to maximise comfort and minimise strain. 

• Encourage drivers to take frequent breaks to move and stretch. 

• Ensure that any pain medication is compatible with driving. 

• Drivers may get more specific advice on potential adjustments from an occupational health professional or physiotherapist. 

• Encourage drivers to report and treat strains and pains quickly – injuries caused by repetitive movements will worsen if ignored.